William James (railway promoter)

William James (1791 – 1860) was a British railway promoter and land agent, considered a significant figure in the early development of railways in England. He is best known for his surveys and promotion of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in the 1820s, although he was ultimately replaced by George Stephenson due to financial difficulties and disagreements.

James began his career as a solicitor but later transitioned to land surveying and valuation. His expertise in this area led him to become involved in various projects related to canals and railways. He recognized the potential of steam-powered railways for transporting goods and passengers and actively campaigned for their construction.

His surveys of the proposed route for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway were crucial in demonstrating the feasibility of the project. He identified potential routes, assessed land values, and navigated complex land ownership issues. However, his overly optimistic projections, financial mismanagement, and controversial business practices ultimately led to his dismissal by the railway's board of directors. Despite this setback, his early contributions were vital in laying the groundwork for the successful construction of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, which became a landmark achievement in railway engineering.

After his involvement with the Liverpool and Manchester Railway ended, James continued to work as a land agent and railway surveyor, although he never regained the prominent role he had once held in the railway industry. He died in 1860, largely forgotten for his initial contributions to the railway age. His son, also named William James, continued the family's involvement in land surveying.