Guimarães
Guimarães is a city and municipality located in the district of Braga, in the northern region of Portugal. It is historically significant as the first capital of Portugal and the birthplace of Afonso Henriques, the first King of Portugal. Guimarães is often referred to as the "Cradle of Portugal" ( Berço de Portugal).
History: Guimarães played a crucial role in the formation of Portugal as an independent kingdom in the 12th century. The Battle of São Mamede in 1128, fought near Guimarães, is considered a pivotal event in the country's history. Afonso Henriques, after emerging victorious, began to consolidate his power and ultimately declared himself King of Portugal.
Geography: Guimarães is situated in a valley surrounded by hills. The historic centre of the city is characterized by narrow, winding streets, well-preserved medieval buildings, and historic squares.
Culture and Heritage: The historic centre of Guimarães has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2001, recognizing its exceptional historical and architectural significance. Notable landmarks include:
- Guimarães Castle: A 10th-century castle considered one of the Seven Wonders of Portugal.
- Palace of the Dukes of Braganza (Paço dos Duques de Bragança): A 15th-century palace built in the Burgundian Gothic style.
- Largo da Oliveira: A historic square with the Padrão do Salado monument and the Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Oliveira church.
Economy: The economy of Guimarães is diverse, with industries including textiles, footwear, metalworking, and tourism.
Tourism: Guimarães is a popular tourist destination due to its rich history, well-preserved architecture, and cultural attractions. Visitors can explore the historic centre, visit the castle and palace, and experience the traditional Portuguese culture.
Sister Cities: Guimarães has numerous sister city relationships with cities around the world, fostering cultural exchange and cooperation.
Demographics: The municipality of Guimarães has a population of over 150,000 inhabitants.