Staurois

Staurois is a genus of frogs in the family Ranidae (true frogs) native to Southeast Asia. These frogs are typically small to medium-sized and are often associated with fast-flowing streams and rivers in forested habitats.

Characteristics:

Staurois frogs are characterized by their flattened bodies, which are an adaptation to living in rocky, fast-flowing streams. Their toe and finger pads are often expanded, providing increased grip on slippery surfaces. Many species exhibit camouflage coloration that blends in with the rocks and vegetation of their environment. Their coloration can vary, often including shades of brown, grey, and green.

Habitat and Distribution:

These frogs are found primarily in Southeast Asia, including Borneo, the Philippines, the Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra. They are generally found in or near clear, swift-flowing streams and rivers in lowland and montane forests.

Ecology and Behavior:

Staurois frogs are typically active during the day (diurnal) or at twilight (crepuscular). They feed on insects and other small invertebrates. Breeding behavior varies among species, but eggs are typically laid in the water, often attached to rocks or vegetation. Tadpoles are also adapted to life in fast-flowing streams, often possessing specialized mouthparts for scraping algae from rocks.

Conservation Status:

The conservation status of Staurois species varies depending on the species and the level of habitat loss and degradation in their respective ranges. Some species are relatively common, while others are threatened by habitat destruction due to deforestation, logging, and agricultural expansion. Pollution from mining and agriculture can also negatively impact these frogs. Some species are listed as threatened or endangered by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).

Taxonomy:

The taxonomy of Staurois has been subject to revisions. The genus belongs to the family Ranidae. The number of recognized species within the genus has fluctuated over time. Further research and molecular data have helped to clarify the relationships between species.