Northwest Region (Cameroon)

The Northwest Region is one of the ten regions of Cameroon, located in the western highlands of the country. It is bordered by the Southwest Region to the southwest, the West Region to the south, the Adamawa Region to the east, and Nigeria to the north and west. The regional capital is Bamenda.

The region is predominantly English-speaking, a legacy of the British Southern Cameroons which united with French Cameroun in 1961 to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. This Anglophone heritage distinguishes it from most of the rest of the country, which is predominantly French-speaking.

The Northwest Region is characterized by its mountainous terrain, fertile volcanic soils, and relatively cooler climate compared to the coastal regions of Cameroon. Agriculture is a significant economic activity, with crops such as maize, beans, potatoes, and coffee being widely cultivated. Livestock farming is also important.

Culturally, the Northwest Region is rich in traditions, reflecting the diverse ethnic groups inhabiting the area. These groups include the Tikar, Widikum, and Meta' people, each with distinct languages, customs, and social structures. Traditional chieftaincies and royalty play a prominent role in the social and political life of many communities.

The region has faced significant challenges in recent years due to the Anglophone crisis, a political conflict that began in 2016. The crisis has led to widespread displacement, violence, and disruption of economic activity. This conflict is rooted in grievances over perceived marginalization and discrimination by the Francophone-dominated central government. The crisis has impacted infrastructure, education, and access to healthcare.

The Northwest Region is subdivided into seven divisions: Boyo, Bui, Donga-Mantung, Menchum, Mezam, Momo, and Ngoketunjia. Each division is administered by a Senior Divisional Officer appointed by the central government.

The major cities and towns include Bamenda, Kumbo, Wum, Nkambé, and Mbengwi. Transportation infrastructure includes roads, but the region's mountainous terrain poses challenges for connectivity.