Israel Wood Powell (British Columbia politician)

Israel Wood Powell (April 24, 1836 – March 14, 1915) was a physician and politician in British Columbia, Canada. He served as the third Superintendent of Indian Affairs for British Columbia from 1889 to 1915 and was a prominent figure in the province's early political and social landscape.

Powell was born in Brampton, Ontario. He received his medical degree from McGill University in 1857 and subsequently practiced medicine in Ontario and Illinois before moving to British Columbia in 1862, attracted by the Cariboo Gold Rush. He established a medical practice in New Westminster, then the capital of the colony.

Powell's involvement in politics began soon after his arrival in British Columbia. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia in 1867, representing New Westminster. He served in the legislature until 1871, when British Columbia joined Confederation. He was a strong advocate for Confederation with Canada.

Following Confederation, Powell continued his medical practice and remained involved in public life. He held various positions, including Registrar General of Voters for British Columbia. In 1889, he was appointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs for British Columbia, a position he held until his death in 1915.

As Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Powell was responsible for administering the government's policies relating to Indigenous peoples in British Columbia. His tenure was marked by complex issues, including land claims, residential schools, and the implementation of the Indian Act. His policies and actions are viewed with considerable nuance today, particularly regarding the impact on Indigenous communities. He is a controversial figure, criticized for his role in implementing policies that contributed to the dispossession and cultural disruption of Indigenous peoples, while also being credited by some for certain efforts to provide limited resources and services.

Powell was also involved in various civic and social organizations. He was a founding member of the British Columbia Medical Association and served as its president. He was also a member of the Masonic Order and other fraternal societies.

He died in Victoria, British Columbia, in 1915.