Troides

Troides is a genus of large tropical butterflies belonging to the family Papilionidae, commonly known as birdwings. They are found throughout Southeast Asia, Australia, and Oceania. Characterized by their vibrant colours, large size (often exceeding 15 cm in wingspan), and swift, soaring flight, Troides are among the most striking and admired butterflies in the world.

The genus Troides is closely related to the genera Ornithoptera and Trogonoptera, all sharing the common name "birdwings" due to their resemblance to birds in flight. Troides species are typically differentiated by their distinct wing patterns, coloration, and geographic distribution.

Like all butterflies, Troides undergo complete metamorphosis, with a life cycle consisting of egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (chrysalis), and adult stages. The larvae feed on Aristolochiaceae plants, sequestering toxins from these plants as a defense mechanism against predators, making both the larvae and adults unpalatable.

Several Troides species are subject to conservation concerns due to habitat loss, over-collection, and trade. International regulations, such as those under CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), often restrict the trade of these butterflies to protect vulnerable populations. Examples of well-known Troides species include Troides helena and Troides aeacus.