Eritrea

Eritrea is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Its capital and largest city is Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The northeast and east of the country have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The nation has a total area of approximately 117,600 square kilometers (45,406 sq mi), and includes the Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands.

The nation's history is marked by periods of independent rule and colonization. It was an Italian colony from the late 19th century until World War II. Following the war, it was federated with Ethiopia under a United Nations resolution. Eritrea subsequently fought a long and bitter war for independence, which it achieved in 1993.

Eritrea's government is a single-party state ruled by the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ). Its human rights record has been heavily criticized by international organizations.

The country is multi-ethnic, with the Tigrinya and Tigre people comprising the largest ethnic groups. Other ethnic groups include the Saho, Afar, Beja, Bilen, Kunama, and Nara. The major religions are Christianity (primarily Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church) and Islam.

Eritrea's economy is largely based on agriculture, with a significant portion of the population relying on subsistence farming. The country also has mineral resources, including gold, copper, and potash. However, economic development has been hampered by political instability, conflict, and government policies.

The official languages of Eritrea are Tigrinya and Arabic. English is also widely spoken.