Boll weevil (politics)

In United States politics, a "Boll weevil" was a conservative Southern Democrat, primarily from the states of the former Confederacy, who voted conservatively on key issues. The term originated in the early 20th century and was used to describe Southern Democrats who frequently crossed party lines to vote with Republicans.

The name is derived from the boll weevil, an insect that infests cotton crops, causing significant economic damage. The implication was that these Democrats were a destructive force within their own party, undermining its platform and agenda.

Boll weevils were typically fiscally conservative and often socially conservative as well. They often supported lower taxes, deregulation, and a strong national defense. On social issues, they might oppose abortion rights, support school prayer, and hold more traditional views on family and gender roles.

The influence of Boll weevils was particularly pronounced during the mid-20th century, particularly during periods of divided government. Their votes were often crucial in passing or defeating legislation, giving them significant leverage in Congress.

The term "Boll weevil" has largely fallen out of use as the Democratic Party has become more liberal and the South has become more Republican. Many Southern conservatives eventually switched parties, making the label less applicable. However, the term remains a historical marker of a period of political realignment in the United States. The political positions formerly associated with boll weevils are now largely represented within the Republican party.