Zophobas

Zophobas morio, commonly known as the superworm, morio worm, or king worm, is a species of darkling beetle (family Tenebrionidae). The larval stage of this beetle is widely used as food for reptiles, amphibians, fish, birds, and other insectivorous pets due to its high protein and fat content.

Description:

Superworms are significantly larger than mealworms, reaching lengths of up to 2 inches (5 cm). They are typically dark brown or black in color, with a hard, segmented exoskeleton. They possess six legs and a distinct head capsule. The adult Zophobas morio beetle is also dark in color and relatively large for a darkling beetle.

Life Cycle:

The life cycle of Zophobas morio consists of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Under normal circumstances, the larval stage is induced to remain as larvae through the presence of juvenile hormone analogue. To induce pupation and eventual metamorphosis into the adult beetle, larvae must be isolated to prevent physical contact with other larvae and eliminate juvenile hormone analogue influence.

Uses:

• Pet Food: The primary use of Zophobas morio larvae is as a nutritious food source for a variety of captive animals. They are often favored due to their size and high caloric content.

• Research: Superworms are also used in scientific research, including studies on insect physiology, nutrition, and waste management. They are of particular interest due to their ability to degrade certain types of plastic.

Care and Handling:

Superworms are relatively easy to care for in captivity. They require a container with ventilation, a substrate such as wheat bran or oats, and a source of food such as carrots, potatoes, or greens. It is important to provide a water source, typically through the moisture content of the food provided. They should be stored at room temperature to slow their growth and prolong their lifespan as larvae.

Distinction from Mealworms:

Superworms are often confused with mealworms (Tenebrio molitor), but they are a distinct species. Superworms are larger, darker in color, and have a different nutritional profile than mealworms. Superworms also have a more pronounced bite and may be more prone to biting if handled roughly.