680s BC

The 680s BC is a decade which began on January 1, 689 BC and ended on December 31, 680 BC. It falls within the 7th century BC.

Overview:

This decade was a period of significant events and developments in various parts of the ancient world, including the Near East, Europe, and Asia. It is a time marked by the rise and fall of empires, political upheaval, and advancements in culture and technology. Historical information for this period often comes from archaeological findings, inscriptions, and surviving texts, which provide insights into the political, social, and economic conditions of the time.

Key Events and Developments (Approximate):

• Assyria: The Neo-Assyrian Empire, under rulers such as Esarhaddon, continued to exert its influence in the Near East. Military campaigns were waged to expand and maintain control over vast territories. Internal stability was a constant challenge.
• Egypt: The Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt, ruled by Kushite kings, experienced increasing pressure from the Assyrian Empire. Conflicts and potential invasions threatened the stability of the Egyptian kingdom.
• Greece: The Archaic period of ancient Greece was underway. This era saw the development of the polis (city-state) system, the emergence of new forms of government (such as oligarchies and tyrannies), and advancements in art, literature, and philosophy. The early stages of coinage began to appear.
• Rome: According to tradition, this period is within the early years of Rome's legendary founding (traditionally dated to 753 BC). However, verifiable historical information about Rome during this decade is scarce and largely based on later accounts and archaeological evidence. The consolidation of power within the early Roman community was likely occurring.
• China: The Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history continued. This was a time of decentralized power, with various states vying for dominance. Political intrigue, warfare, and diplomatic maneuvering characterized the era.
• Other Regions: Numerous other cultures and civilizations around the world were developing during this period. Details about their specific activities during the 680s BC are often limited due to a lack of historical records. Archaeological discoveries provide much of the available information.

Significance:

The 680s BC represent a pivotal decade in the transition between the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in many regions. It was a time of complex political dynamics, societal changes, and cultural innovations that laid the foundation for subsequent developments in ancient history. The events of this decade shaped the course of civilizations and influenced the political landscape of the ancient world for centuries to come.

Sources:

Information about the 680s BC is derived from a variety of sources, including:

• Archaeological excavations: Discoveries of artifacts, settlements, and inscriptions provide valuable insights into the material culture and social organization of different societies.
• Ancient texts: Surviving texts from Assyria, Egypt, Greece, and other civilizations offer accounts of historical events, political affairs, and cultural practices. However, these texts are often biased or incomplete.
• Secondary sources: Modern historical analyses and interpretations of the available evidence help to reconstruct a more comprehensive understanding of the 680s BC.