Arctopora

Arctopora is a genus of bryozoans belonging to the order Cheilostomatida. These tiny colonial animals are found in marine environments, particularly in colder waters, including the Arctic and Antarctic regions. The name "Arctopora" is derived from "Arcto-" referring to the Arctic and "-pora" referring to pores, alluding to the porous nature of the zooidal structures.

Arctopora species typically form encrusting colonies on various substrates such as rocks, shells, and algae. Individual zooids, the microscopic units that make up the colony, are box-shaped and possess a calcified exoskeleton. These exoskeletons contribute to the overall structure and rigidity of the colony. The morphology of the zooids, including the shape and placement of the operculum (a hinged door covering the opening through which the polypide extends), is a key characteristic used in species identification.

Like other bryozoans, Arctopora are filter feeders, extending their lophophores (crowns of ciliated tentacles) to capture microscopic plankton and organic matter from the surrounding water. They play a role in the marine ecosystem by contributing to the biodiversity of benthic communities and serving as a food source for other organisms.

The taxonomy of Arctopora has been subject to revision, and the exact number of species within the genus is still debated among bryozoan specialists. Further research, particularly using molecular techniques, is needed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships within Arctopora and its relationship to other cheilostome bryozoans.