Zhao Qi (Han dynasty)

Zhao Qi (趙岐), courtesy name 邠卿 (Binqing), was a scholar and official who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He is best known for his commentary on the Mengzi (Mencius), which became a standard interpretation for centuries.

Little is known about his early life. He was orphaned at a young age and is said to have been exceptionally filial towards his stepmother, enduring hardship and poverty to care for her. His reputation for filial piety and scholarly pursuits brought him to the attention of local officials, and he eventually gained a position in the government.

During the turbulent years leading to the collapse of the Han dynasty, Zhao Qi served under various warlords, including Cao Cao. He seems to have remained largely aloof from the political machinations of the time, focusing primarily on his scholarly work. He refused to take on high-ranking positions and is said to have valued integrity and principle over worldly success.

Zhao Qi's commentary on the Mengzi is his most significant contribution. It provides detailed explanations of the text, drawing on earlier commentaries and his own interpretations. He offered insightful analysis of Mencius's ethical and political philosophy, emphasizing the importance of benevolence, righteousness, and the moral cultivation of the ruler. His commentary helped to solidify the Mengzi's place within the Confucian canon and influenced generations of scholars. He emphasized the practicality of Mencius's teachings and their relevance to good governance.

Zhao Qi's work reflects the scholarly traditions of the late Han dynasty, with its emphasis on textual exegesis and moral philosophy. He is remembered as a dedicated scholar who preserved and transmitted important Confucian texts during a time of great upheaval. He died sometime in the early 3rd century CE.