Viga (architecture)

A viga is a large, roughly hewn beam used as a structural element in traditional Southwestern United States architecture, particularly in Pueblo Revival, Territorial Revival, and related styles. These beams are typically made of wood, often ponderosa pine, and are used to support the roof of a building.

Vigas are usually left exposed on the interior of the structure, providing a rustic and visually appealing ceiling. On the exterior, the ends of the vigas often protrude through the exterior walls, creating a distinctive architectural feature. The protruding ends may be decoratively carved or shaped, adding to the aesthetic appeal of the building.

The use of vigas dates back centuries, originating with the ancestral Puebloan peoples of the region. They were a practical solution for spanning large spaces with locally available materials. The size and spacing of vigas depend on the load they need to bear and the desired aesthetic. They are a defining characteristic of Southwestern architecture, lending a sense of history, place, and craftsmanship to the buildings in which they are used.