Treaty of Lyon (1601)

The Treaty of Lyon, signed on January 17, 1601, ended the Franco-Savoyard War of 1600-1601 between France, under King Henry IV, and the Duchy of Savoy, ruled by Charles Emmanuel I. The conflict was sparked by Henry IV's invasion of Savoy in response to Charles Emmanuel I's continued intrigues against France, and his claims to Saluzzo, a territory previously contested.

The treaty resulted in significant territorial exchanges. France ceded the Marquisate of Saluzzo to Savoy. In exchange, France acquired Bresse, Bugey, Valromey, and Gex from Savoy, effectively consolidating French control over the area and improving its strategic position against the Habsburgs. This gave France control over key routes into Switzerland.

The Treaty of Lyon was a diplomatic success for Henry IV, solidifying French power and demonstrating his ability to secure and expand French territories. It also marked a turning point in the relationship between France and Savoy, establishing a new balance of power in the region. The treaty remained in effect for several decades, shaping the political landscape of the Franco-Savoyard border.