Saba (surah)

Saba' is the 34th chapter (surah) of the Quran, containing 54 verses (ayat). It is a Meccan surah, meaning it was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad in Mecca before the Hijrah (migration to Medina).

The surah is named after the ancient kingdom of Saba' (Sheba), whose story is recounted in verses 15-21. It discusses themes such as the blessings bestowed upon the people of Saba' and their subsequent ingratitude, leading to their punishment. Other key themes include:

• Tawhid (Oneness of God): The surah emphasizes the absolute power and knowledge of Allah and rejects the association of partners with Him.
• Prophethood: It affirms the prophethood of Muhammad and previous prophets, highlighting the rejection and persecution they faced from their people.
• The Day of Judgment: Saba' contains vivid descriptions of the Day of Judgment, including the gathering of all people before Allah, the questioning of the disbelievers, and the rewards and punishments awaiting them.
• Gratitude and Ingratitude: The story of Saba' serves as a parable, illustrating the consequences of gratitude towards Allah and the repercussions of ingratitude and disobedience. The surah emphasizes the importance of recognizing and appreciating Allah's blessings.
• Allah's Knowledge: The surah reiterates that Allah has full knowledge of everything. This includes the seen and unseen, the past, present, and future.

The surah’s style blends narrative, argumentation, and warnings, aimed at reminding people of Allah's power, encouraging them to accept the message of Islam, and warning them against disbelief and disobedience.