Rethymno

Rethymno (also spelled Rethimno or Rethymnon) is a city on the Greek island of Crete. It is the third largest city on the island, after Heraklion and Chania. Rethymno serves as the capital of the Rethymno regional unit.

Geography:

Rethymno is located on the northern coast of Crete, approximately 78 km (48 mi) west of Heraklion and 60 km (37 mi) east of Chania. The city is built around a Venetian-era fort, the Fortezza, and extends along a sandy bay. The mountainous interior of the regional unit rises to the south of the city.

History:

The area around Rethymno has been inhabited since Minoan times. The city flourished during the Venetian period (1204-1669), when it served as an important cultural and commercial center. The Venetian influence is evident in the city's architecture, particularly the Fortezza, the Venetian harbor, and numerous buildings in the old town. After the Venetian rule, Rethymno came under Ottoman control in 1669. The Ottomans added their own architectural touches to the city, including mosques and fountains. Rethymno became part of the independent Greek state in 1913.

Economy:

The economy of Rethymno is primarily based on tourism, agriculture, and commerce. Tourism is a significant source of revenue, attracting visitors with its beaches, historic sites, and cultural attractions. Agriculture in the surrounding region produces olives, olive oil, wine, citrus fruits, and other agricultural products.

Culture and Landmarks:

Rethymno boasts a rich cultural heritage, with several notable landmarks and attractions, including:

• The Fortezza: A large Venetian fortress overlooking the city.
• The Venetian Harbor: A picturesque harbor with numerous restaurants and cafes.
• The Old Town: A labyrinthine network of narrow streets with Venetian and Ottoman-era buildings.
• The Rimondi Fountain: A Venetian fountain in the Platanos Square.
• The Archaeological Museum of Rethymno: Housed in a Venetian building, showcasing artifacts from the region's history.
• The Neratze Mosque (now the Municipal Conservatory): An Ottoman mosque converted into a music conservatory.
• The Monastery of Arkadi: Located outside the city, a historical monastery that played a significant role in the Cretan resistance against Ottoman rule.

Transportation:

Rethymno is well-connected to other cities on Crete by road and bus. There is no airport in Rethymno; the closest airports are in Heraklion and Chania. Ferry services connect Rethymno with other Greek islands and the mainland.

Education:

Rethymno is home to the University of Crete's School of Philosophy, which contributes to the city's vibrant intellectual atmosphere.