Perique

Perique is a type of tobacco grown in St. James Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is renowned for its strong, distinctive, and peppery flavor, and is primarily used as a component in pipe tobacco blends and occasionally in cigars.

Cultivation and Processing:

The unique flavor of Perique is largely attributed to the specific soil and humid climate of St. James Parish, coupled with a distinctive fermentation process. The tobacco plants are cultivated similarly to other tobacco varieties. However, after harvesting, the leaves undergo a prolonged and anaerobic (oxygen-deprived) fermentation process under high pressure.

The leaves are initially hung to dry, then "conditioned" to bring them to a specific moisture level. They are then packed tightly into hickory barrels, called boucannes, and subjected to intense pressure using screw jacks. This pressure forces out air and liquids, initiating the anaerobic fermentation process.

Periodically, the tobacco is removed from the barrels, "aired out" or "degassed," and then repacked under pressure. This cycle is repeated multiple times, typically lasting for at least a year, and sometimes longer. The extended fermentation results in a rich, dark, almost black tobacco with a concentrated and complex flavor profile.

Flavor Profile and Use:

Perique is known for its strong, spicy, peppery, and somewhat fruity flavor. Due to its potency, it is rarely smoked on its own. Instead, it is used in small quantities as a blending tobacco to add depth and complexity to other tobacco varieties. It can enhance the flavors of other components in a blend, adding spice, body, and a unique aroma.

History:

The cultivation and processing of Perique tobacco is a tradition that dates back to the Acadians (French Canadians) who settled in the St. James Parish region in the late 18th century. The name "Perique" is believed to be derived from Pierre Chenet, an Acadian farmer who is credited with perfecting the unique fermentation method still used today. The tradition has been passed down through generations of farmers in the region.