Moschiola

Moschiola is a genus of even-toed ungulates belonging to the chevrotain family Tragulidae. Members of this genus are commonly known as mouse-deer, although they are not true deer nor are they rodents.

Moschiola species are small, shy, and typically inhabit rainforests in South Asia and Southeast Asia. They are characterized by their small size, arched backs, and the absence of antlers or horns in both sexes. Males possess elongated canine teeth which protrude as tusks, used in intraspecific competition.

Currently, there are three recognized species within the Moschiola genus:

• Moschiola indica (Indian Spotted Chevrotain): Found in India and possibly Nepal.
• Moschiola meminna (Sri Lankan Spotted Chevrotain): Endemic to Sri Lanka.
• Moschiola kavanaughi (Vietnam Mouse-deer): Found in Vietnam.

The taxonomy of Moschiola has been revised over time, and some populations previously considered subspecies are now recognized as distinct species based on genetic and morphological data. Their conservation status varies depending on the species and the level of threat they face from habitat loss and hunting. They are primarily herbivorous, feeding on leaves, fruits, and other vegetation. Their secretive nature makes them difficult to study in the wild, and much of their behavior and ecology remains poorly understood.