Jīva (nun)

In Jainism, Jīva refers to the soul, the principle of sentience and consciousness that animates living beings. While not exclusively referring to nuns, understanding the concept of Jīva is crucial to comprehending the renunciant life, including that of a Jain nun.

A Jain nun (Sadhvi) renounces worldly possessions and attachments to dedicate her life to spiritual liberation (moksha). Her conduct is governed by strict vows (mahavratas) aimed at minimizing harm to all Jīvas, including:

• Ahimsa (Non-violence): The foremost vow, extending beyond physical violence to include mental and verbal harm. This translates into meticulous care to avoid injuring any living being, from insects to plants, which are also considered to possess Jīvas.
• Satya (Truthfulness): Abstaining from lying or deceptive speech, always striving to communicate honestly and without causing harm.
• Asteya (Non-stealing): Taking only what is freely given and refraining from any form of theft or misappropriation.
• Brahmacharya (Celibacy): Complete abstinence from sexual activity and lustful thoughts, dedicating all energy to spiritual pursuits.
• Aparigraha (Non-attachment): Renouncing possessions and minimizing attachment to worldly objects, people, and places. Jain nuns own very few items, typically only simple robes, a begging bowl, and implements for maintaining purity.

The life of a Jain nun is centered on the understanding and practice of these vows in relation to the Jīva. Her actions are constantly evaluated for their impact on all living beings. Through rigorous self-discipline, meditation, study of scriptures, and service to the community, she strives to purify her Jīva and ultimately attain liberation from the cycle of rebirth. The ultimate goal is to free the Jīva from karmic bondage and realize its true nature.