Inwangsan

Inwangsan (인왕산, 人王山) is a mountain located in Seoul, South Korea. It stands at 339 meters (1,112 feet) above sea level and is known for its rugged granite peaks and scenic views of the city.

Location and Geography: Inwangsan is situated in the Jongno-gu and Seodaemun-gu districts of Seoul, forming a natural border between the two. Its landscape is characterized by exposed granite formations, sparse vegetation, and steep slopes. The mountain is part of the larger Bukhan Mountain National Park, although it is distinct and accessible on its own.

History and Significance: The name Inwangsan translates to "King of Benevolence Mountain," reflecting its historical and spiritual significance. During the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910), it was considered one of the four guardian mountains protecting the capital city of Seoul (then known as Hanyang). Numerous Buddhist temples and shamanistic shrines are located on and around the mountain, underscoring its religious importance. During times of conflict, Inwangsan served as a natural fortress.

Hiking and Recreation: Inwangsan is a popular destination for hiking and outdoor recreation. Several trails of varying difficulty levels crisscross the mountain, offering panoramic vistas of Seoul, including views of Gyeongbokgung Palace, N Seoul Tower, and the surrounding mountain ranges. The most popular trail leads to the summit, which features a large, flat rock offering unobstructed views. Rock climbing is also a common activity, though it requires experience and proper equipment.

Cultural References: Inwangsan has been a subject of artistic inspiration, featuring prominently in Korean paintings and literature. Artists throughout history have captured its unique geological formations and its role in the city's landscape. The mountain continues to be a symbol of Seoul's natural beauty and cultural heritage.

Access: Inwangsan is easily accessible by public transportation. Several bus routes and subway lines connect to the base of the mountain, making it a popular and convenient hiking destination for both locals and tourists. The entrance to the park is free.