G5 Sahel

The G5 Sahel is an institutional framework for coordination of regional cooperation in development policies and security matters in West Africa. It was established on 16 February 2014 in Nouakchott, Mauritania, by five Sahel countries: Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger.

The G5 Sahel aims to achieve sustainable development and security for its member states. Its primary goals include:

• Combating terrorism and transnational crime.
• Promoting economic development, particularly through infrastructure projects.
• Addressing the root causes of instability, such as poverty, food insecurity, and climate change.
• Strengthening governance and the rule of law.

The organization operates through a secretariat based in Nouakchott, Mauritania. A rotating presidency is held by each member state for one year. The G5 Sahel has established a joint military force, the G5 Sahel Joint Force (FCG5S), to combat terrorism and transnational crime in the region. This force operates in the border areas of the member states.

The G5 Sahel collaborates with a variety of international partners, including the African Union, the European Union, France, the United States, and the United Nations. These partners provide financial and logistical support to the G5 Sahel's development and security initiatives.

The G5 Sahel faces significant challenges, including ongoing security threats from terrorist groups, limited resources, and the complex political context of the region. The effectiveness of the G5 Sahel and its Joint Force has been a subject of debate and scrutiny, particularly in light of persistent insecurity and instability in the Sahel region.