Corfu (city)

Corfu (city), also known as Kerkyra (Greek: Κέρκυρα), is the capital city of the Greek island of Corfu, located in the Ionian Sea. It is the principal settlement on the island and serves as a major tourist destination, administrative center, and port.

Geography and Location:

Corfu city sits on the east coast of the island, on a peninsula jutting into the sea. It faces the Albanian coastline across the Corfu Channel. The city is characterized by its Venetian and British architectural influences, reflecting the island's history of foreign occupation.

History:

The city's history dates back to ancient times, with ties to Greek mythology and the mythical Phaeacians. It became a significant Venetian holding in the 14th century, a period that heavily influenced its architectural style. The Venetians fortified the city, constructing the Old Fortress (Paleo Frourio) and the New Fortress (Neo Frourio) to protect it from Ottoman attacks. Following the Venetian period, Corfu came under French and then British control before ultimately becoming part of Greece in 1864.

Key Landmarks and Features:

• Old Fortress (Paleo Frourio): A Venetian fortress built on a rocky peninsula, offering panoramic views of the city and the sea.
• New Fortress (Neo Frourio): Another Venetian fortress, offering impressive views and showcasing the city's defensive history.
• Spianada: A large green esplanade located between the Old Fortress and the city, used for various events and a popular gathering place.
• Liston: An arcaded promenade along the Spianada, built during the French occupation and inspired by Parisian architecture. It is lined with cafes and restaurants.
• Old Town: A UNESCO World Heritage site, the Old Town is a maze of narrow streets, historic buildings, churches, and squares, showcasing Venetian, British, and Greek architectural styles.
• Saint Spyridon Church: Home to the relics of Saint Spyridon, the patron saint of Corfu.

Economy and Tourism:

Tourism is a major industry in Corfu city. The city's historic sites, beaches, and vibrant cultural scene attract visitors from around the world. Other economic activities include agriculture, fishing, and local crafts.

Transportation:

Corfu International Airport "Ioannis Kapodistrias" (CFU) serves the city with flights to various European destinations. The port of Corfu connects the island to mainland Greece and other Ionian islands via ferry services. Local buses and taxis provide transportation within the city and around the island.

Culture:

Corfu city has a rich cultural heritage, with influences from Venetian, British, and Greek traditions. Music, particularly classical music, plays a significant role, and the city hosts several music festivals. Local cuisine features Mediterranean flavors and incorporates local ingredients.