Apsines (sophist)

Apsines of Patrae was a Greek sophist and rhetorician who flourished in the 3rd century CE. He is primarily known for his rhetorical treatises, particularly the Art of Rhetoric (Τέχνη ῥητορική), a handbook that survived, albeit in an incomplete and somewhat altered form.

Apsines' Art of Rhetoric is a valuable source for understanding the rhetorical theories and practices of the Second Sophistic. It offers instruction on various aspects of rhetoric, including the invention of arguments, the arrangement of speeches, and the use of figures of speech. The treatise covers topics such as proems (introductions), narrations, proofs, refutations, and epilogues (conclusions). He also discusses different types of rhetorical oratory, like deliberative, forensic, and epideictic (demonstrative).

While his work draws heavily from earlier rhetorical traditions, particularly from Hermagoras, Apsines also introduces his own perspectives and classifications. His emphasis on the importance of character and emotional appeal reveals the influence of the Second Sophistic's focus on performance and delivery.

The surviving text attributed to Apsines is likely an adaptation or compilation of his work by later authors, and some scholars debate the authenticity of certain sections. The text shows some inconsistencies and possible interpolations. However, it remains an important resource for scholars studying ancient rhetoric and the Second Sophistic movement. He is not to be confused with other individuals named Apsines mentioned in classical sources.