Chagan Lake (China)

Chagan Lake (查干湖), also known as Tsagaan Nuur (Mongolian for "White Lake"), is a large freshwater lake located in the Horqin grassland of Jilin Province, northeastern China. It is renowned for its traditional winter fishing practices, which have been practiced for centuries.

The lake covers an area of approximately 500 square kilometers, making it one of the largest lakes in Jilin Province. Its average depth is around 2 meters, though this varies depending on the season and rainfall. The primary source of water for Chagan Lake is snowmelt and rainfall from the surrounding grasslands and the Horqin Sandy Land. Several rivers and streams also feed into the lake.

Chagan Lake is a significant wetland ecosystem, supporting a diverse range of flora and fauna, including various species of fish, birds, and mammals. It is particularly important as a stopover point for migratory birds. Overfishing and water pollution have posed environmental challenges to the lake's ecosystem in recent decades, leading to conservation efforts aimed at restoring and protecting its biodiversity.

The traditional winter fishing practices of Chagan Lake are a major cultural and economic activity. Fisherman drill holes through the thick ice and use traditional nets to catch fish. This event attracts tourists from across China and around the world, contributing significantly to the local economy. The winter fishing festival, held annually, showcases the cultural heritage and traditions associated with this ancient practice. The techniques employed are considered part of Intangible Cultural Heritage.