Alexander King (chemist)

Alexander King (26 January 1909 – 30 December 2007) was a British chemist, scientific administrator, and a key figure in the development of science policy in the United Kingdom and internationally.

King was born in Scotland and studied chemistry at Imperial College London, graduating in 1929. He initially worked as a research chemist, specializing in explosives. During World War II, he held various positions within the British government, including roles related to explosives manufacture and chemical warfare defense.

After the war, King’s career shifted toward science administration and policy. He became head of the United Kingdom Scientific Mission in Washington D.C. in 1950, representing British scientific interests in the United States. In 1957, he returned to the UK to become the Director of the European Productivity Agency (EPA) in Paris, later the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). As Director-General for Scientific Affairs at the OECD, he played a leading role in promoting scientific cooperation and innovation among member countries. He significantly expanded the organization's work in science and technology policy.

King is perhaps best known as a co-founder, along with Aurelio Peccei, of the Club of Rome in 1968. This influential international organization brought together scientists, economists, and other experts to address global challenges such as population growth, resource depletion, and environmental degradation. The Club of Rome's first report, "The Limits to Growth," published in 1972, had a profound impact on public awareness of these issues.

Throughout his career, Alexander King was a strong advocate for the responsible use of science and technology to address societal problems. He authored several books and articles on science policy and the future of society. He received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to science and public service.