Alexander Forbes (bishop of Brechin)

Alexander Penrose Forbes (1817-1875) was a Scottish Episcopalian bishop and a significant figure in the 19th-century Oxford Movement in Scotland.

Born in Edinburgh, Forbes was educated at the Edinburgh Academy, Brasenose College, Oxford, and the Scottish Episcopal Theological College. He was ordained deacon in 1840 and priest in 1841. After serving as a curate and incumbent in various parishes, he was elected Bishop of Brechin in 1847, a position he held until his death.

As Bishop of Brechin, Forbes was a staunch advocate of High Church principles, emphasizing the importance of the sacraments, liturgical worship, and the authority of tradition. He was a key figure in introducing practices and doctrines associated with the Oxford Movement to the Scottish Episcopal Church, including the use of vestments, incense, and altar candles. This caused considerable controversy within the church, leading to accusations of Romanizing tendencies.

Forbes was twice formally accused of heresy. The first charge, in 1851, involved his views on baptismal regeneration. The second, in 1857, concerned his teaching on the Holy Eucharist, specifically his belief in the Real Presence of Christ in the Sacrament. While he was censured on the latter charge, the proceedings did not result in his deposition.

Forbes was a prolific writer, publishing numerous sermons, pamphlets, and theological treatises. His most notable works include "An Explanation of the Thirty-Nine Articles" and "Considerations on Public Worship." He also edited several liturgical works, including a Scottish Communion Office.

He died in 1875 and is remembered as a leading figure in the revival of Catholic principles within the Scottish Episcopal Church and a controversial but influential bishop.