Hock (anatomy)

The hock is the joint in the hind limb of a quadruped animal located between the stifle (knee) and the fetlock (ankle). It is anatomically equivalent to the human ankle and heel. The hock is a complex joint composed of several bones, including the tibia, fibula, tarsal bones (such as the calcaneus or heel bone, talus, navicular, and cuneiform bones), and metatarsal bones. Strong ligaments and tendons provide stability and allow for flexion and extension of the limb.

The hock joint plays a critical role in locomotion, bearing a significant amount of weight and providing leverage for movement. The structure and function of the hock can vary slightly depending on the species. For example, the hock of a horse is significantly different from that of a dog or a bird, reflecting differences in their respective gaits and physical demands.

Common injuries to the hock include sprains, dislocations, fractures, and osteoarthritis. These conditions can cause pain, lameness, and reduced mobility. Veterinary examination, including palpation, radiography, and other imaging techniques, is often necessary to diagnose hock problems and determine appropriate treatment. Treatment options range from conservative management, such as rest and medication, to surgical intervention.