Xantusia

Xantusia is a genus of nocturnal or crepuscular lizards endemic to the southwestern United States and Baja California, Mexico. They are commonly known as night lizards. These lizards belong to the family Xantusiidae.

Xantusia species are relatively small, generally ranging in size from 4 to 7 inches in total length. Their bodies are flattened, and they possess granular scales. They typically exhibit cryptic coloration, often with brown or gray hues that allow them to blend in with their surroundings.

Night lizards are typically found in rocky habitats, deserts, and semi-arid environments. They are often associated with granite outcroppings, rock crevices, and fallen Joshua trees. As the common name suggests, they are primarily active during the night or at twilight, avoiding the intense heat of the day.

These lizards are insectivores, feeding primarily on insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates. They are viviparous, meaning they give birth to live young rather than laying eggs. Their reproductive rate is relatively slow, typically producing only one or two offspring per year.

Several species of Xantusia are of conservation concern due to habitat loss and fragmentation. Their specialized habitat requirements and limited dispersal abilities make them vulnerable to environmental changes.