Ulveham

Ulveham (Old Norse: ulfr "wolf" + hamr "shape, skin") refers to a shapeshifter, specifically one who can transform into a wolf. The term is often used interchangeably with "werewolf," although distinctions can be drawn depending on the context of its usage within Old Norse literature and folklore. Unlike the term vargr, which primarily denotes an outlaw wolf or a monstrous wolf, ulveham specifically describes the ability, whether through magic, curse, or innate power, to assume the form of a wolf.

The concept of the ulveham is present in various Old Norse sagas and Eddic poems. Characters described as wearing or taking on an ulveham exhibit heightened aggression, strength, and predatory instincts associated with wolves. The transformation is often linked to berserkergang, a trance-like state of battle rage.

The mechanics of assuming the ulveham vary depending on the narrative. Sometimes it involves literally donning a wolf pelt, thus facilitating the transformation. In other instances, the transformation is achieved through magical means, such as incantations or potions. The ability might also be inherent, a trait passed down through family lines.

While the ulveham is most often associated with male warriors or sorcerers, examples also exist of women possessing this shapeshifting ability, often depicted as witches or sorceresses wielding powerful magic.

The significance of the ulveham lies in its exploration of the boundary between human and animal, the control of primal instincts, and the fearsome power associated with the wolf in Norse cosmology. The figure of the ulveham reflects a complex relationship with nature, blending respect for the wolf's prowess with apprehension regarding its untamed nature.