TIROS-2

TIROS-2 was the second Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) launched by NASA. It was a spin-stabilized, experimental meteorological satellite designed to test television cameras and scanning radiometers for observation of cloud cover and to provide data on infrared and albedo measurements. The satellite was launched on November 23, 1960, from Cape Canaveral, Florida.

The primary objectives of TIROS-2 were to determine the feasibility of using space-based television and infrared equipment to observe meteorological phenomena, to collect data on cloud cover and thermal radiation, and to test the TIROS spacecraft design in a space environment.

TIROS-2 carried two television cameras, one wide-angle and one narrow-angle, that transmitted images of cloud cover back to Earth. It also had a two-channel scanning radiometer for measuring infrared radiation emitted from the Earth and its atmosphere. These measurements helped scientists study the Earth's heat balance and atmospheric conditions.

The satellite operated successfully for a little over a month, before its transmitter failed on January 22, 1961. Despite its relatively short operational lifespan, TIROS-2 provided valuable data and imagery that demonstrated the potential of satellite meteorology and paved the way for future weather satellites. The data collected by TIROS-2 contributed significantly to advancements in weather forecasting and climate research.