Republican Guard (Yemen)

The Republican Guard (الحرس الجمهوري al-Ḥaras al-Jumhūrī), also known historically as the Special Forces, was an elite military unit in Yemen, largely loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh and his family. It was considered one of the most well-equipped and trained units in the Yemeni Armed Forces. Its primary function was to protect the President and the capital city of Sana'a.

The Guard's strength was estimated to be several brigades, including armored, infantry, and mechanized elements. It played a significant role in Yemeni politics and security throughout Saleh's rule, often acting as a Praetorian Guard, ensuring the regime's stability and suppressing dissent.

Following the Arab Spring uprisings in 2011 and the subsequent political instability in Yemen, the Republican Guard became embroiled in the ensuing conflicts. Loyalties within the Guard fractured, with some elements siding with Saleh and others joining the opposition.

The Republican Guard was heavily involved in the Yemeni Civil War, fighting alongside Houthi rebels against the internationally recognized government. The unit suffered significant losses during the conflict, and its infrastructure was targeted by airstrikes from the Saudi-led coalition.

Following the death of Ali Abdullah Saleh in December 2017, the remaining elements of the Republican Guard loyal to him largely dissolved or were integrated into other military structures. The unit is no longer a cohesive, independent force in Yemen. Its legacy remains controversial, associated with both military strength and political repression during Saleh's long tenure.