Pillan

Pillan is a powerful and complex spirit being in the cosmology and mythology of the Mapuche people of Chile and Argentina. Often translated as "spirit," "ancestral spirit," or even "volcano," Pillan represents a multifaceted concept encompassing both benevolent and malevolent forces, and is deeply intertwined with the natural world, particularly volcanic activity.

Pillan can embody the spirits of revered ancestors, especially chiefs and prominent figures, who continue to exert influence over the living from beyond the grave. As ancestral spirits, they are sources of guidance, protection, and well-being for their descendants, and are often invoked in rituals and ceremonies. This aspect of Pillan emphasizes the importance of lineage and the continuation of tradition in Mapuche culture.

However, Pillan is not solely benevolent. It is also associated with powerful natural phenomena, most notably volcanoes. Volcanic eruptions are seen as manifestations of Pillan's anger or displeasure, often resulting from transgressions against traditional customs or disrespect for the natural world. In this context, Pillan can be destructive and vengeful, capable of causing earthquakes, floods, and other natural disasters.

The dual nature of Pillan reflects the Mapuche understanding of the world as a dynamic and interconnected system, where opposing forces are constantly interacting. Respect for nature, adherence to tradition, and proper conduct are essential to maintain harmony and avoid provoking the wrath of Pillan.

The concept of Pillan is central to many Mapuche ceremonies, including the Ngillatun, a major ritual involving prayer, offerings, and dances intended to maintain balance in the world and secure the favor of the Pillan and other spirits. The Machi, the Mapuche spiritual leader and healer, plays a crucial role in communicating with and appeasing the Pillan, ensuring the well-being of the community.

The influence of Pillan remains significant in contemporary Mapuche culture, serving as a reminder of the power of nature, the importance of ancestral heritage, and the need for respect and balance in the world.