Obninsk

Obninsk is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Protva River about 100 kilometers (62 miles) southwest of Moscow. It is notable as one of Russia's science cities (naukograds), and was the location of the world's first nuclear power plant.

History:

Founded in 1946 around "Laboratory B," a secret Soviet nuclear research facility, Obninsk was granted town status in 1956. The nuclear power plant, known as the First Nuclear Power Plant, began operations in 1954 and continued to generate electricity until it was shut down in 2002. The city's early development was closely tied to the nuclear industry, attracting leading scientists, engineers, and technicians.

Science and Education:

Obninsk remains a significant center for scientific research and development. It houses numerous research institutes specializing in nuclear power, medical radiology, meteorology, and environmental studies. Some of the notable institutions include:

• The Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE)
• The Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC)
• The Central Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information - World Data Center (RIHMI-WDC)

Obninsk also has several institutions of higher education that focus on science and technology.

Economy:

While initially dominated by the nuclear industry, Obninsk's economy has diversified over time. It now includes businesses in manufacturing, food processing, and other sectors. The city benefits from its proximity to Moscow and its skilled workforce.

Culture:

Obninsk offers a range of cultural amenities, including museums, theaters, and parks. The city hosts various cultural events and festivals throughout the year.

Demographics:

As of the 2010 census, the population of Obninsk was approximately 104,739.

Twin Towns/Sister Cities:

Obninsk has several twin towns and sister cities, including:

• Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
• Minsk, Belarus
• Visaginas, Lithuania
• Jinan, China