Myrina (Aeolis)

Myrina was an ancient city located in Aeolis, a region in western Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). Situated on the Aegean coast, it occupied a strategic location near the mouth of the river Pythikos (modern Büyük Menderes). Myrina was one of the eleven original Aeolian cities.

The city's founding is attributed in myth to Myrinus, though its actual origins are obscure. Archaeological evidence suggests habitation dating back to the Bronze Age. Throughout its history, Myrina was influenced by various powers, including the Lydians, Persians, and subsequently, the Hellenistic kingdoms that emerged after the conquests of Alexander the Great.

Myrina flourished during the Hellenistic period, particularly under the Attalid dynasty of Pergamon. It became an important center for terracotta figurine production, with workshops producing a wide range of statuettes depicting deities, mythological figures, and everyday life scenes. These terracotta figurines are now found in museums around the world and provide valuable insights into the artistic styles and social customs of the period.

During the Roman period, Myrina continued as a significant city, although it was overshadowed by its larger and more prosperous neighbors. It remained an important trading port and agricultural center.

The city declined in late antiquity and was eventually abandoned, likely due to a combination of factors, including earthquakes, economic hardship, and invasions. The site of ancient Myrina is now located near the modern Turkish town of Aliağa. Archaeological excavations have revealed remnants of the city's fortifications, temples, houses, and necropolis, providing valuable information about its history and culture.