List of the prehistoric life of Georgia (U.S. state)

The prehistoric life of Georgia (U.S. state) is known from its fossil record, spanning various geological periods. While not as extensively studied as some other regions, Georgia's paleontology reveals a history of marine and terrestrial creatures.

Paleozoic Era:

The Paleozoic Era is represented in Georgia, primarily through marine fossils. These include invertebrates such as brachiopods, trilobites, and crinoids, found in sedimentary rock formations. This indicates that portions of Georgia were once covered by shallow seas. The precise diversity and temporal distribution of Paleozoic life in Georgia are still being researched.

Mesozoic Era:

The Mesozoic Era, particularly the Cretaceous period, offers a more substantial fossil record in Georgia. Marine reptiles like mosasaurs and plesiosaurs have been discovered, reflecting the presence of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Evidence of dinosaurs, though less common than in some western states, has also been found. Fragmentary remains of theropods (carnivorous dinosaurs) and ornithopods (herbivorous dinosaurs) suggest a dinosaur fauna existed in the region. Further research and discovery are needed to better characterize the specific dinosaur species that inhabited Georgia during the Mesozoic.

Cenozoic Era:

The Cenozoic Era provides a relatively rich fossil record in Georgia, particularly concerning marine mammals and terrestrial vertebrates. The Oligocene epoch is particularly well-represented. Fossil discoveries include:

• Marine Mammals: Whales (including early toothed whales and baleen whales), dolphins, and seals. These fossils provide valuable insights into the evolution of marine mammals.
• Terrestrial Mammals: Mammals such as rhinoceroses, oreodonts (extinct herbivorous mammals), early horses, and various carnivores. These fossils help reconstruct the terrestrial ecosystems that existed in Georgia during the Cenozoic.
• Birds: Fossil birds have also been found, though less frequently than mammals.
• Reptiles: Turtles, crocodiles, and snakes are represented in the fossil record.

The coastal plain of Georgia has proven to be a productive area for Cenozoic fossil discoveries. Ongoing paleontological research continues to uncover new information about the prehistoric life of Georgia, contributing to a more complete understanding of the region's geological and biological history.