Richard Allen (abolitionist)

Richard Allen (February 14, 1760 – March 26, 1831) was an American minister, educator, writer, and one of America's most active and influential Black leaders. In 1794, he founded the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, the first independent Black denomination in the United States.

Allen was born into slavery in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He experienced a religious conversion at a young age and began preaching while still enslaved. In 1780, he purchased his freedom through diligent work and savings.

After gaining his freedom, Allen continued to preach, attracting a large following of Black congregants at St. George's Methodist Episcopal Church in Philadelphia. However, facing racial discrimination and segregation within the church, Allen and other Black members withdrew.

In 1794, Allen, along with Absalom Jones, led the establishment of Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Philadelphia. Allen was ordained as the first bishop of the AME Church in 1816, formally establishing its independence.

Allen was a strong advocate for abolition and civil rights. He actively participated in anti-slavery efforts and worked to uplift the Black community through education and economic empowerment. He established schools, mutual aid societies, and other institutions to support Black Americans.

Allen was a prolific writer, publishing pamphlets, sermons, and other works that articulated his views on religion, race, and social justice. His autobiography, The Life, Experience, and Gospel Labors of the Rt. Rev. Richard Allen, provides valuable insight into his life and the challenges faced by Black Americans in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Richard Allen's legacy extends beyond his role in establishing the AME Church. He is remembered as a pioneering leader, a powerful voice for justice, and a champion of Black self-determination. His work laid the foundation for future generations of civil rights activists.