Li Jie (Song dynasty)
Li Jie (李誡; c. 1065–1110), courtesy name Mingzhong (明仲), was a Chinese architect, structural engineer, and writer of the Song dynasty. He is best known for writing the Yingzao Fashi (營造法式; Treatise on Architectural Methods or Building Standards), a technical treatise on architecture and craftsmanship published in 1103.
Born in Zhengzhou, Henan province, Li Jie served as an official in the Imperial Palace Workshop Department. His Yingzao Fashi was commissioned by Emperor Huizong of Song to standardize architectural practices and construction methods, as well as to provide a comprehensive reference for builders and craftsmen.
The Yingzao Fashi is divided into several sections covering various aspects of construction, including:
- Modulus of Measurement: The treatise establishes a system of modular units for design and construction, ensuring consistency and precision.
- Earthwork and Stonework: Techniques for excavation, foundations, and the use of stone in construction are detailed.
- Carpentry: This section extensively covers the methods of timber framing, including the construction of brackets, beams, and roof structures.
- Roofing: The treatise provides information on different types of roofing materials and techniques.
- Decoration and Ornamentation: Descriptions of decorative elements, such as carvings and paintings, are included.
- Materials: The properties and uses of various building materials, such as wood, stone, and brick, are discussed.
The Yingzao Fashi is a valuable source for understanding Song dynasty architecture and construction techniques. It demonstrates the high level of technical knowledge and sophistication achieved during this period. Li Jie's meticulous approach to documenting building practices has made the Yingzao Fashi a cornerstone of architectural history in China.