Les Misérables (musical)

Les Misérables is a sung-through musical adapted from Victor Hugo's 1862 novel of the same name. It is one of the longest-running musicals in history and is known for its epic scope, powerful themes of redemption, justice, and revolution, and soaring score.

History and Development:

The musical was originally conceived in French by composer Claude-Michel Schönberg and lyricist Alain Boublil. It premiered in Paris in 1980. An English-language adaptation, with lyrics by Herbert Kretzmer, was produced by Cameron Mackintosh and Trevor Nunn and premiered in London's West End in 1985. Its immediate success led to numerous productions worldwide, including a Broadway debut in 1987.

Synopsis:

The story follows Jean Valjean, a prisoner released on parole after serving 19 years for stealing a loaf of bread. Unable to find work due to his status as an ex-convict, he is shown compassion by the Bishop of Digne, a kindness that inspires him to break his parole and begin a new life under an assumed name. Valjean becomes a successful factory owner and mayor, but he is relentlessly pursued by Inspector Javert, a rigid law enforcer who believes in unwavering justice.

Years later, Valjean encounters Fantine, a struggling factory worker forced into prostitution to provide for her daughter, Cosette. After Fantine's death, Valjean promises to care for Cosette and rescues her from the Thénardiers, a corrupt innkeeping couple. Valjean raises Cosette as his own, constantly evading Javert.

As Cosette grows into a young woman, she falls in love with Marius Pontmercy, a student revolutionary. The story culminates during the June Rebellion of 1832, when Marius and other students fight for political change. Valjean risks his life to save Marius and eventually reveals his true identity to him before his death, finally finding peace after a lifetime of struggle and redemption.

Characters:

• Jean Valjean: The protagonist, a former prisoner seeking redemption.
• Javert: The antagonist, an unwavering law enforcer obsessed with justice.
• Fantine: A struggling factory worker and mother of Cosette.
• Cosette: Fantine's daughter, raised by Valjean.
• Marius Pontmercy: A student revolutionary who falls in love with Cosette.
• Éponine: The Thénardiers' daughter, secretly in love with Marius.
• Thénardiers (Monsieur and Madame): A corrupt and opportunistic innkeeping couple.
• Enjolras: The charismatic leader of the student revolutionaries.

Musical Numbers:

The musical features a memorable and iconic score, including songs such as:

• "I Dreamed a Dream"
• "On My Own"
• "Do You Hear the People Sing?"
• "One Day More"
• "Bring Him Home"
• "Stars"
• "Master of the House"

Themes:

Les Misérables explores a range of universal themes, including:

• Redemption and Forgiveness
• Justice and Law
• Love and Sacrifice
• Revolution and Social Injustice
• The Power of Compassion

Adaptations:

Les Misérables has been adapted into several films, including a 2012 film starring Hugh Jackman, Russell Crowe, and Anne Hathaway. Concert versions of the musical have also been staged worldwide.

Legacy:

Les Misérables remains one of the most popular and enduring musicals of all time. Its powerful story, memorable music, and universal themes continue to resonate with audiences around the world. It has won numerous awards, including Tony Awards, Olivier Awards, and Grammy Awards.