JWH-018

JWH-018 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist of both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. It belongs to the naphthoylindole class of compounds.

JWH-018 was originally synthesized in 1995 by organic chemist John W. Huffman at Clemson University, from whom the "JWH" designation derives. It was initially created for research purposes to study the cannabinoid receptor system.

JWH-018 gained notoriety in the mid-2000s as an active ingredient in synthetic cannabis products, often marketed under names such as "Spice," "K2," and other similar brand names. These products were often sold as legal alternatives to marijuana, though they were frequently mislabeled and their actual contents were unknown to consumers.

Because JWH-018 is a full agonist at cannabinoid receptors, it can produce effects similar to those of cannabis, but often with greater potency. Adverse effects associated with JWH-018 use can include anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations, psychosis, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and in some cases, death.

Due to its widespread recreational use and potential for harm, JWH-018 has been made illegal in many jurisdictions around the world. Its legal status varies depending on the country and region. Many countries initially banned the substance as a specific chemical entity, and later broadened the bans to include entire classes of synthetic cannabinoids. The continued development and marketing of novel synthetic cannabinoids presents an ongoing challenge for law enforcement and public health officials.