Indium (111In) igovomab
Indium (111In) igovomab is a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody used in nuclear medicine imaging, primarily for the detection of ovarian cancer.
Mechanism of Action:
Igovomab is a murine monoclonal antibody that targets the CA-125 antigen, a glycoprotein frequently overexpressed on the surface of ovarian cancer cells. By being labeled with the radioactive isotope Indium-111 (111In), the antibody can be traced using a gamma camera after intravenous administration. The antibody binds to CA-125 expressing cells, allowing clinicians to visualize the distribution of the cancer within the body. This assists in staging, monitoring treatment response, and detecting recurrent disease.
Clinical Use:
Indium (111In) igovomab is used as an imaging agent to detect the presence and location of CA-125 positive ovarian cancer lesions. Specifically, it has been employed for:
- Detecting recurrent ovarian cancer
- Assessing the extent of disease spread
- Monitoring response to chemotherapy
Administration:
Indium (111In) igovomab is administered intravenously. Imaging is typically performed within a few days after injection, allowing sufficient time for the antibody to distribute and bind to the target antigen.
Adverse Effects:
Common side effects associated with the administration of Indium (111In) igovomab, as with other radiolabeled antibodies, may include:
- Infusion reactions (e.g., fever, chills, rash)
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Exposure to radiation (minimised by appropriate dosage and imaging protocols)
- Antibody development (Human Anti-Mouse Antibody - HAMA response)
Contraindications:
Contraindications may include:
- Known hypersensitivity to murine proteins or any component of the formulation.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Pharmacokinetics:
After intravenous administration, Indium (111In) igovomab distributes throughout the body. The antibody binds to CA-125 expressing cells, and the unbound portion is cleared from the circulation. The Indium-111 label decays over time, emitting gamma radiation that is detected by the gamma camera.
Warnings and Precautions:
As a radioactive pharmaceutical, Indium (111In) igovomab should be handled with appropriate safety precautions to minimize radiation exposure to healthcare professionals and patients. The potential for immunogenicity and the development of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) should be considered, as this may affect future diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving murine antibodies.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.