Han Yue

Han Yue (韓愈) (768-824), also known as Han Tuizhi (韓退之), was a prominent Chinese essayist, poet, and government official of the Tang Dynasty. He is considered a pivotal figure in the revival of Confucianism and is often regarded as one of the "Eight Great Prose Masters of the Tang and Song."

Han Yue advocated for a return to classical prose style ("guwen" 古文), rejecting the ornate and overly formal style prevalent during his time. He believed that literature should serve a moral purpose and reflect Confucian values. His own writings were characterized by their clarity, directness, and forceful arguments.

His philosophical and political views emphasized the importance of moral cultivation, filial piety, and loyalty to the emperor. He was a staunch defender of Confucian orthodoxy and criticized Buddhism and Daoism, arguing that they undermined social order. His most famous work, "Memorial on Bone Relics of the Buddha" (諫迎佛骨表), was a scathing attack on the imperial court's veneration of Buddhist relics, resulting in his temporary exile.

Han Yue’s legacy lies in his significant contribution to the development of Chinese prose and his influential role in shaping Confucian thought. His writings continue to be studied and admired for their literary merit and intellectual depth. He also served in various governmental positions, demonstrating a commitment to practical governance alongside his literary pursuits. His influence extended beyond his lifetime, shaping the literary and intellectual landscape of subsequent dynasties.