Gareja

Gareja (Georgian: გარეჯა) is a Georgian Orthodox monastic complex located in the Kakheti region of Eastern Georgia, on the semi-desert Iori Plateau, along the Georgia-Azerbaijan border. The complex comprises hundreds of cave monasteries, churches, chapels, refectories, and living quarters carved into the rock face.

The Gareja monasteries were founded in the 6th century by David Garejeli, one of the thirteen Assyrian Fathers who are credited with establishing monasticism in Georgia. Over the centuries, the complex expanded, becoming a prominent center of Georgian culture and religious life. It flourished particularly during the 10th-13th centuries, experiencing significant artistic and literary activity.

Key monasteries within the complex include Lavra of David, Udabno, and Bertubani. Udabno and Bertubani are particularly notable for their well-preserved frescoes, depicting scenes from the life of Christ, the Virgin Mary, and Georgian historical figures. These frescoes are considered important examples of Georgian medieval art.

Throughout its history, Gareja has faced numerous challenges, including invasions and periods of neglect. During the Soviet era, the area was used as a military training ground, which caused damage to some of the monasteries and frescoes.

Today, Gareja is a popular tourist destination and an important pilgrimage site for Georgian Orthodox Christians. It is subject to ongoing border disputes between Georgia and Azerbaijan, raising concerns about the preservation and accessibility of the complex. Efforts are underway to protect and restore the monasteries and their invaluable cultural heritage. The Gareja monasteries are a testament to the enduring spirit of Georgian monasticism and its contribution to the country's cultural identity.