Gangban (Ouinhi)

Gangban (Ouinhi) is a traditional musical instrument from Benin, specifically associated with the Ouémé Valley region and the Ouinhin people. It is a type of lamellophone, also known as a thumb piano or mbira, consisting of metal tines or keys attached to a soundboard or resonator. The keys are plucked with the thumbs to produce melodic and rhythmic patterns.

The Gangban plays a significant role in Ouinhin culture. It is used in various social and religious contexts, including storytelling, celebrations, rituals, and accompanying songs. The instrument’s sound is often described as resonant and calming. The specific tuning and number of keys on the Gangban can vary depending on the maker and the intended use.

The construction of a Gangban typically involves locally sourced materials such as wood for the soundboard and metal for the tines. The resonator can be made from a variety of materials, including gourds or wooden boxes, to amplify the sound. Traditionally, knowledge of Gangban construction and playing techniques is passed down through generations.

While its use remains localized primarily to the Ouinhin people and the surrounding region, the Gangban is recognized as an important element of Benin's musical heritage. Efforts are being made to preserve and promote this traditional instrument and its associated cultural practices.