Dracula (plant)

Dracula is a genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids native to Central America and the northwestern Andes of South America, primarily found in cloud forests. The genus was established in 1978 by Luer, deriving its name from the Latin "dracula" meaning "little dragon," a reference to the two long spurs of the sepals which resemble fangs, and the dark coloration of many species, evoking the legendary vampire.

Dracula orchids are characterized by their often bizarre and striking flowers, which can be single or clustered. The flowers are generally triangular in shape, formed by three prominent sepals, with the petals often reduced and inconspicuous. The distinctive features of Dracula flowers include the aforementioned sepaline spurs, which can be short and blunt or long and pendulous, and the complex, often patterned, surfaces of the sepals. Many species also possess a characteristic fragrance, which can range from sweet and pleasant to foul and reminiscent of carrion, attracting specific pollinators such as fungus gnats.

Cultivation of Dracula orchids is considered challenging, requiring cool temperatures, high humidity, and good air circulation. They are typically grown in hanging baskets or pots with well-draining media, such as sphagnum moss or bark mixes. Due to their specific environmental requirements, they are best suited for experienced orchid growers or those with access to specialized growing environments such as greenhouses or terrariums. The genus Dracula is also facing threats from habitat loss due to deforestation and climate change, making conservation efforts critical for the survival of many species.