Demerit (school discipline)

A demerit is a form of disciplinary action commonly used in schools, academies, and other structured educational environments. It represents a negative mark against a student's record, typically for violating school rules or demonstrating unacceptable behavior. The specific infractions that warrant a demerit, as well as the consequences of accumulating a certain number of demerits, vary significantly from institution to institution.

Purpose and Use

The purpose of demerits is multifaceted. Primarily, they serve as a method of holding students accountable for their actions and discouraging future misbehavior. They also provide a standardized and documented system for tracking student conduct, allowing school administrators and teachers to identify patterns of problematic behavior and implement appropriate interventions. Demerits can also act as a warning system, alerting students to the seriousness of their actions before more severe punishments, such as suspension or expulsion, are necessary.

Infractions Leading to Demerits

Common reasons for receiving a demerit include, but are not limited to:

• Tardiness or truancy
• Disruptive classroom behavior
• Violation of dress code
• Failure to complete assigned work
• Disrespectful conduct towards teachers or peers
• Use of prohibited items (e.g., electronic devices)
• Violation of school policies on academic integrity (e.g., cheating or plagiarism)

Consequences of Accumulating Demerits

The consequences of accumulating demerits are usually progressive, meaning that the severity of the punishment increases as the number of demerits increases. Common consequences include:

• Detention
• Loss of privileges (e.g., participation in extracurricular activities)
• Parent-teacher conferences
• Suspension (in-school or out-of-school)
• Referral to guidance counselors or other support services
• Expulsion (in extreme cases)

The specific policies regarding demerits and their consequences are typically outlined in the school's student handbook or code of conduct.

Criticism and Alternatives

The use of demerits as a disciplinary tool has been subject to criticism. Some argue that they are overly punitive and can contribute to a negative school climate. Critics also suggest that demerits may not be effective in addressing the underlying causes of misbehavior and can disproportionately affect certain student populations. Alternative approaches to discipline include restorative justice practices, positive behavior interventions and supports (PBIS), and social-emotional learning (SEL) programs, which focus on building positive relationships, teaching pro-social skills, and addressing the root causes of behavioral problems.