Chengjiao (prince)

Chengjiao (成蟜), also known as Prince Chengjiao, was a prince of the State of Qin during the late Warring States period of Chinese history. He was a son of King Zhaoxiang of Qin and a younger half-brother of King Xiaowen of Qin and King Zhuangxiang of Qin. He is best known for leading a rebellion against his nephew, King Zheng (later Qin Shi Huang), in 239 BCE.

While the specific details of Chengjiao's life are somewhat obscure and primarily gleaned from historical records like the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), he held a significant position within the Qin court. He was granted the title of Lord of Chang'an (長安君). The historical record suggests that he may have been entrusted with governing a substantial territory or held a military command.

Chengjiao's rebellion occurred in Tunliu (屯留), a strategic location within Qin territory. The reasons for the rebellion are debated among historians. Some theorize that Chengjiao might have been motivated by a power struggle, feeling slighted or overlooked in the succession. Others suggest that he may have disagreed with the policies of King Zheng or been manipulated by rival factions within the Qin court seeking to destabilize the king's rule.

Regardless of the cause, the rebellion was ultimately unsuccessful. Chengjiao was defeated and killed, either in battle or afterwards. His followers were also suppressed. The suppression of Chengjiao's rebellion solidified King Zheng's authority and demonstrated his ruthlessness in dealing with internal threats. This event is often cited as a pivotal moment in King Zheng's consolidation of power leading up to his unification of China.

The story of Chengjiao serves as a reminder of the political intrigue and power struggles that characterized the late Warring States period and the challenges faced by rulers in maintaining control over their territories and subjects.