Braunbuch

The term "Braunbuch" (German for "Brown Book") typically refers to a type of publication used to document and expose alleged war crimes, human rights abuses, or undemocratic practices. The "Brown" color often alludes to the Nazi regime, implying the documented actions are reminiscent of or connected to Nazi ideology or behavior.

Historically, and most prominently, the term refers to a specific publication released in East Germany in 1965 titled Braunbuch: Kriegs- und Naziverbrecher in der Bundesrepublik und in West-Berlin: Staat, Wirtschaft, Armee, Verwaltung, Justiz, Wissenschaft. This book, translated into English and other languages, purported to expose former Nazis and war criminals holding positions of power in West Germany. It accused individuals in various sectors of West German society – government, business, the military, judiciary, academia – of having been involved in Nazi crimes and thus sought to undermine the legitimacy of the West German state.

The accuracy and motives behind the East German Braunbuch have been heavily debated. While some individuals named were indeed former Nazis or collaborators, critics argue that the book contained exaggerations, distortions, and outright fabrications, and was used as a propaganda tool during the Cold War. The selection of individuals included was seen by some as politically motivated, aiming to discredit specific West German figures.

Since 1965, the term "Braunbuch" has been used more generally to describe similar publications that aim to expose alleged wrongdoing by individuals or organizations, often drawing a parallel to Nazi-era atrocities. The term carries a strongly negative connotation, implying that the actions documented are not only wrong but also reminiscent of the totalitarian and inhumane practices of the Nazi regime. The use of the term is often intended to be inflammatory and to delegitimize the targets of the publication.