de Clare

The de Clare family was a prominent noble family in England and Ireland, holding significant power and influence from the Norman Conquest in 1066 through the 14th century. The family derived their name from the town of Clare in Suffolk, England.

History and Notable Members:

The de Clare family's origins can be traced back to Richard fitz Gilbert, a Norman knight who was a close associate of William the Conqueror. He was granted extensive lands in England, including the Honour of Clare, which became the family's principal seat.

Key members of the de Clare lineage include:

• Richard fitz Gilbert (Richard de Clare, 1st Lord of Clare): Founder of the family line in England.
• Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke (d. 1148): Granted the earldom of Pembroke by King Stephen.
• Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (Strongbow) (d. 1176): Played a pivotal role in the Norman invasion of Ireland. His involvement significantly impacted Anglo-Irish history.
• Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford, 5th Earl of Gloucester (d. 1295): A powerful magnate during the reigns of Henry III and Edward I.
• Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester, 7th Earl of Hertford (d. 1314): A significant figure in the reign of Edward II. He died at the Battle of Bannockburn, and with his death, the main de Clare line came to an end.

Legacy and Significance:

The de Clare family held vast estates and played crucial roles in English and Irish history. Their involvement in key events such as the Norman Conquest, the Norman invasion of Ireland, and various baronial rebellions shaped the political landscape of the time. The family's influence declined in the 14th century, with the death of the last male heir in the main line. Despite this, the de Clare name remains associated with power, land ownership, and historical importance. The remaining lands were split amongst the descendants of Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester's sisters. The Honour of Clare eventually passed to the Crown.