X Army Corps (Italy)

The X Army Corps (also sometimes written as 10th Army Corps) was a military formation of the Royal Italian Army (Regio Esercito) during World War II. It primarily saw action on the Eastern Front as part of the Italian Expeditionary Corps in Russia (Corpo di Spedizione Italiano in Russia, or CSIR) and later the Italian Army in Russia (Armata Italiana in Russia, or ARMIR, also known as the 8th Army).

Formed before the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, the X Army Corps comprised various Italian infantry divisions. Key components often included the Pasubio Motorized Division and the Torino Motorized Division. Specific divisional assignments could vary depending on the phase of the campaign.

The Corps participated in numerous battles and campaigns on the Eastern Front, including the advance through Ukraine and the initial stages of the Battle of Stalingrad. It suffered extremely heavy losses during the Soviet counter-offensives, particularly Operation Little Saturn in late 1942 and early 1943. The severe winter conditions, coupled with inadequate equipment and supply lines, significantly contributed to the Corps' attrition.

Following the catastrophic losses sustained at Stalingrad and the subsequent retreat, the remnants of the X Army Corps were repatriated to Italy. It was largely disbanded or reorganized as the Italian military landscape underwent significant changes following the Italian armistice with the Allies in September 1943. The specific fate and reorganization of its surviving personnel after the armistice are complex and often dependent on whether units remained loyal to the Axis powers or joined the Allied cause.