Cavernicola (suborder)

Cavernicola is a suborder within the order Hemiptera (true bugs). This group encompasses a collection of largely neotropical kissing bugs, specifically within the family Reduviidae, subfamily Triatominae. The defining characteristic of Cavernicola is their almost exclusive association with bat roosts, typically within caves, hence the name "cavernicola" which translates to "cave dweller."

Members of the Cavernicola suborder are hematophagous, meaning they feed on blood. Unlike many other Triatominae, Cavernicola pilosa, the single species comprising this suborder, displays a strong preference for bats as their primary hosts. This specialized host association is a key feature that distinguishes them from other kissing bugs, many of which are more commonly associated with birds or mammals, including humans.

The evolutionary relationships and taxonomic placement of Cavernicola within Triatominae have been the subject of debate and study. While currently recognized as a distinct suborder with Cavernicola pilosa as its sole member, ongoing research utilizing molecular and morphological data may lead to future revisions in their classification. Understanding the life cycle, behavior, and host preferences of Cavernicola is crucial for comprehensive studies of Triatominae and their role in the transmission of diseases. Although not considered a major vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease, due to their specialized host preference, their unique ecology and evolution remain significant areas of scientific inquiry.